Evolutionary Psychology - An approach in psychology
Evolutionary psychology (or EP) proposes that the human and primate cognition and behavior can be better understood in light of the evolutionary history of humans and primates. Specifically, the EP proposes the primate brain comprises many functional mechanisms, called adaptations psychological or developed psychological mechanisms (EPMS), which evolved through natural selection to benefit the survival and reproduction of the organism. These mechanisms are universal in the species with the exception of specific sex or age. EPMS incontrovertible include vision, hearing, memory and motor control. Other most controversial examples is the differences in mating preferences between males and females and strategies, temperament and cognitive abilities, mechanisms to avoid incest, cheater detection mechanisms and capture link.
The main sources of developmental psychology is cognitive psychology, genetics, ethology, anthropology, biology, and zoology. The term psychology was probably coined by Ghiselin in his 1973 article in Science. Leda Cosmides and John Tooby popularized the term in his 1992 book The great influence Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture (ISBN 0195101073).
Evolutionary psychology has been applied to study many fields, including economics, aggression, law, psychiatry, politics, literature and sex. Evolutionary psychology is closely related to the field of sociobiology, but there are key differences between them including the emphasis on the specific domain instead of the domain-general abilities, the relevance of measures of fitness, the importance of mismatch theory, and psychology rather of behavior.
Theoretical Foundations: William Paley, building on the work of many others, argued that organisms are machines designed to operate in particular settings. This idea is the foundation of modern medicine and biology. Before Darwin and Wallace, it was thought that the apparent design in organisms was evidence of God. Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution by natural selection, provided a scientific explanation of the origins of the function.
Psychology evolution is based on the assumption that, like the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys and immune system, knowledge has a structure functional that has a genetic basis, and therefore has evolved by natural selection. Like other organs and tissues, this functional structure should be universally shared between human beings and must solve the important problems of survival and reproduction. Evolutionary psychologists seek to understand cognitive processes by understanding survival and reproductive functions that can be used.
Controversies:
Animal behavior studies have long recognized the role of evolution the application of evolutionary theory to human psychology, however, is controversial. There are many families of criticism of the idea.
Psychologists Evolutionists respond by saying that, like any other branch of science, evolutionary psychologists seek only to state what is, not what it should be. In fact, know how something works is the first step in determining if its broken (for example, all medical science), or change the way it works is if we decide that what to do (for example, if the system that "makes" means promiscuous men, and men to understand why it exists, not for happiness, not because it is right or moral, but by the blind causal process of natural selection, men can become better consumers of their own conscience, or even can decide how world community to provide assistance). An understanding of how cancer works in no way endorses its existence.
About the Author
Philip Psyche is a Copywriter of PsycheGames. He had written many articles in various topics. For more information visit: PsycheGames. Contact him at Philip Psyche.
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