How to create and manage access control lists on Cisco ASA and PIX Firewalls
Copyright (c) 2008 R. Don Crawley
Access Control Lists (ACL) are sequential lists of permit and deny conditions applied to traffic flows on an interface device. ACLs are based on various criteria, including protocol code type of IP address, destination IP, source port number, and / or destination port number.
ACL can be used to filter traffic for various purposes, including security, monitoring, route selection, and network address translation. ACL consists of one or more control inputs entry (ACE). Each ACE is an individual line within an ACL.
ACL on a Cisco ASA Security Appliance (or a PIX firewall running software version 7.x or later) are similar to those of a Cisco router, but not identical. Firewalls use real subnet masks instead of using the mask inverted in a router. ACL in a firewall are always named instead of numbered and are assumed to be an extended list.
The syntax of an ECA is relatively simple:
Ciscoasa (config) # Access-list [name line number] [extended] (permit | deny) protocol source_netmask source_port source_IP_address operator [destination_netmask Destination_IP_address] [] Destination_port operator [log [[disable default |] | [level]] seconds [range]] [time-range name] [inactive]
Here's an example:
ASA (config) # access-list demo1 permit tcp 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 any eq www
ASA (config) # access list demo1 permit tcp 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 any 443 eq
ASA (config) # show access-list demo1
access-list demo1; 2 items
access-list demo1 line 1 extended permit tcp 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 any eq www
access-list demo1 line 2 extended permit tcp 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 https any eq
In the example above, the anterior cruciate ligament called "demo1" is created in which the first ACE permits TCP traffic originating on the 10.1.0.0 subnet to go to any destination IP address with the destination port 80 (www). In the second ACE, the flow of traffic is allowed for the destination port 443. Look at the output of the access list is presented, that the numbers line display and expanded the parameter is also included, although not included in the states of configuration.
You can deactivate an ACE without deleting it if you add this option disabled by the end of the line.
As with Cisco routers, there is an implicit "deny any" at the end each ACL. All traffic that is not explicitly permitted is implicitly denied.
ACL and ACE Edition ** **
ACE News is appended to end of the ACL. If desired, however, to insert the new ACE at a particular location within the ACL, you can add the line number parameter to the ACE:
asa04 (config) # access list demo1 line 1 deny tcp host 10.1.0.2 any eq www
asa04 (config) # show access-list demo1
access-list demo1; 3 items
access-list demo1 line 1 extended deny tcp host 10.1.0.2 any eq www
access-list demo1 line 2 extended permit tcp 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 any eq www
access-list demo1 line 3 extended permit tcp 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 any eq https
Notice in the first line of the previous example that ACE adds a line in the anterior cruciate ligament. Look at the output of access is the list demo1 command that the new entry is added in the first position the LCA and the first previous entry becomes line number two.
You can remove an ACE from an ACL statement prior to the switch configuration ACE not, as in the example below:
Asa04 (config) # no access-list demo1 deny tcp host 10.10.2 any eq www
In my next article, I will show how the use of their time will implement access control lists only at certain times and / or certain days. We'll also show how to use groups of objects with access control lists to simplify ACL management by grouping similar components such as IP addresses or protocols together.
About the Author
Don R. Crawley, CCNA-certified, is president and chief technologist at soundtraining.net, the Seattle training firm specializing in business skills and technical training for IT professionals. He works with IT pros to enhance their work, lives, and careers. For more information about soundtraining.net's accelerated Cisco ASA training, visit here.
How many watts has a Cisco PIX 520 firewall to consume? Please provide documentation if possible.?
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